VERTICAL INTEGRATION in AGRO-INDUSTRY: ECO-FRIENDLY GAMBIER PRODUCTS
نویسندگان
چکیده
Textile dyeing on fabrics and clothing causes environmental pollution health problems. There is an innovation of natural coloring using gambier in the Gambo Muba fabric industry garment Indonesia. Gambier farmers supply dye raw materials. Then through chain industry, it vertical integration agro-industry. This study uses primary data from 39 vertically integrated companies agro-industry, including rubber industry. The was then analyzed descriptive qualitative. analyzes relationship between industries, transaction costs them, their impact added value, profitability. Vertically industries have low costs. agro-industry adds to economic activities that can increase value profits. reduce costs, especially supplier coordination cost component, distributor inter-company lobbying components. benefits are increasing high profit levels, decreasing pollution, sustainability.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Economic Development, Environment and People
سال: 2021
ISSN: ['2285-3642']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.26458/jedep.v10i4.711